"Woof, woof! Am I speaking in a different language here?"
Considering they are supposed to be 'man's best friend' there are plenty of thing we mistake as facts about dogs. Most owners believe that a dog will only eat as much as they need, however they are descendants of wolves and therefore a pack animal, meaning in the wild they would hunt and gorge unsure of where the next meal would come from.
Keep a dog's weight in check by only giving them a portion that they really need. Treats such as cakes should be discouraged and chocolate is definite no-no as it contains harmful bromine.
Also the idea that canines can only see in black and white is fantasy. Although limited (reds and greens appear similar to them) dogs can see in colour able to distinguish between different hues.